International Journal on Science and Technology

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Impact of Growth Regulators on Floral Sex Determination and Yield Attributes in Castor (Ricinus Communis L.)

Author(s) K. Krishna Mohan, K. Sudha Sundari, Y. Vinod Kumar Reddy, Ramesh Kumar Lalkota, Kota Srinivasa Reddy
Country India
Abstract Castor is a non-edible, economically important oilseed crop with many industrial uses (pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biofuels, lubricants). It is a monoecious plant with male and female flowers in variable proportions. Female flowers in more number directly affects fruit/seed set. Sex determination in castor is highly influenced by environmental factors, viz, high temperature, age of the plant, nutrition and growth regulators. A field experiment was conducted during Kharif, 2024, at the Students farm at Loyola Academy Degree and P.G. College, Alwal, Secunderabad, to know the effect of NAA and Ethephon on sex expression of Pistillate or Staminate flowers in 3 monoecious lines of castor. viz., (DCS 107, DCH 177, GCH 4). Growth regulators NAA and Ethephon were foliar sprayed at 100 ppm, 150 ppm and 200 ppm concentrations successively at 30, 45 and 60 DAS. Data were recorded on floral characters and yield attributes. The results indicated that application of NAA and Ethephon at all concentrations significantly increased the expression of pistillate flowers by suppression of male flowers in monoecious lines compared to control. NAA applied @ 150 ppm significantly increased number of pistilate flowers, and reduced number of staminate (male) flowers, increased spike length and enhanced number of capsules/spikes,100-seed weight (g), and seed yield. Similar results were also observed with the application of Ethephon @ 200 ppm for all the floral characters and yield attributes. The study revealed that the NAA @150 ppm or Ethephon @ 200 ppm has a great potential as growth regulators in promoting female flowers in hybrid seed production of castor for increasing the overall yield attributing parameters, which can be successfully used in crop improvement work for enhancing genetic purity.
Keywords Castor, Floral Sex Determination, NAA, Ethephon, Seed Yield
Published In Conference / Special Issue (Volume 17 | Issue 1) - One Day National Seminar on “Advances in Life Sciences for Diversity, Applications, and Human Welfare” (ALSDAHW-2025) (March 2026)
Published On 2026-03-16
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.ALSDAHW-2025.109
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