International Journal on Science and Technology

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Oral Health–Related Quality of Life and Its Association with Periodontal Status and DMFT in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Saudi Tertiary Hospital

Author(s) Ohood A. Almutawa
Country Saudi Arabia
Abstract Background: Adults with type 2 diabetes often have periodontal disease and dental caries, which may reduce oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL).
Aim: To assess OHRQoL using OHIP-14 among adults with type 2 diabetes attending a tertiary hospital, and to examine associations with dental caries experience (DMFT) and periodontal status.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Adults with type 2 diabetes completed the OHIP-14 questionnaire and underwent a brief oral examination to record DMFT and periodontal screening category. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate independent associations with OHIP-14 total score after adjusting for sociodemographic, behavioural, and clinical factors.
Results: The final sample included 250 participants (mean age 56.3±10.8 years; 52.0% female). OHIP-14 showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.89). The OHIP-14 total score had a median of 12 (IQR 6–22). Worse periodontal status was associated with higher OHIP-14 scores in a dose–response pattern. In adjusted models, moderate periodontal disease (β=3.2; 95% CI 1.4–5.0) and severe periodontal disease (β=8.1; 95% CI 5.3–10.9) were associated with worse OHRQoL compared with mild/none. Higher DMFT was also independently associated with worse OHRQoL (β=0.32 per 1 unit; 95% CI 0.20–0.44).
Conclusion: In adults with type 2 diabetes, periodontal severity and higher DMFT were independently associated with poorer OHRQoL, supporting the need for integrated oral health assessment and preventive care within chronic disease services.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 14, Issue 3, July-September 2023
Published On 2023-09-12
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18549993
Short DOI https://doi.org/hbn2ns
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