Parameters That Influence The Pore Size Of Needle Punch Non-Woven Air Filter Fabrics

Author(s)	Ms. Ashwini K, Prof. Dr. Yasotha P
Country	India
Abstract	Indoor air quality has become a major public health concern due to rising concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), which are linked to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The World Health Organization recommends strict limits on PM exposure, increasing the demand for efficient air filtration materials. Needle-punched non-woven fabrics are widely used in commercial air filters due to their cost-effectiveness, mechanical strength, and customizable structure. The pore size of these fabrics—one of the most critical factors governing air filter efficiency—is strongly influenced by manufacturing and structural parameters such as fiber diameter, fabric thickness, bulk density, needle penetration depth, punch density, fiber orientation, and web layering. Increased punch density and deeper needle penetration generally reduce pore size and enhance particle capture. Optimizing these interdependent parameters is essential to achieve a balance between high filtration efficiency, low airflow resistance, and compliance with WHO PM guidelines. This study highlights the key variables controlling pore structure in needle-punched non-woven air filter fabrics and their impact on overall filtration performance.
Keywords	Air pollution, Air filter, Airflow efficiency, Pore size, Needle Punched Fabric, Human Health.
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 17, Issue 1, January-March 2026
Published On	2026-02-27

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