International Journal on Science and Technology

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Mechanical Engineering Innovations in Electric Vehicle Battery and Energy Storage Systems

Author(s) Saahil
Country India
Abstract This article conceptualizes Electric Vehicle battery innovation as a multi-physics, socio-technical optimization regime in which electrochemical potential, ultra-fast DC charge acceptance, thermo-fluidic regulation, manufacturability yield, and circular value-retention are mutually conditioning constraints. It synthesizes next-generation pathways across solid-state architectures, lithium-sulfur and sodium-ion alternatives, framing feasibility through interface thermodynamics, chemo-mechanical coupling, porous-electrode transport theory, and constraint-satisfaction control under uncertainty. Ultra-fast charging is articulated as a closed-loop optimal control problem bounded by plating onset thresholds, polarization gradients, and thermal headroom, while battery thermal management is positioned as the strategic mediator governing hotspot suppression, propagation containment, and fault-tolerant operation. The article further reframes recycling and second-life as upstream design constraints via design-for-disassembly, traceability infrastructures, and liability-aware governance, integrating process thermodynamics with market viability signals. A unified evaluation architecture is advanced through multi-criteria decision logic and dominant-constraint mapping, yielding segment-fit implications for global mobility ecosystems. The central claim is that deployable progress requires concurrent co-optimization of interfaces, controls, thermals, and circularity, rather than chemistry-centric metric maximization.
Keywords Electric Vehicle Batteries, Solid-State Batteries, Lithium-Sulfur Batteries, Sodium-Ion Batteries, Ultra-Fast Charging, Battery Thermal Management Systems, Lithium Plating, Electrochemical Degradation, Battery Management Systems, Battery Recycling, Energy Storage Systems.
Published In Volume 16, Issue 4, October-December 2025
Published On 2025-12-03
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i4.10447
Short DOI https://doi.org/hbrjz9
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