Nanoparticle-assisted and chelator-enhanced phytoremediation by Helianthus annuus: a PRISMA-guided meta-analysis

Author(s)	Amita -, Vijay Sinhal
Country	India
Abstract	Background: The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a powerful plant used in phytoremediation, the process of removing harmful metals and radiation from soil. Some studies focus on soil quality, others on how much the plant absorbs, and some examine how plants release water during this process. Scientists often use chelators, organic acids, and nanoparticles to improve the plants' effectiveness. In this study, we conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines to compare the impact of these additions on the sunflower’s ability to clean the environment. Whole analyses were implemented in R using the metafor package. Data import and output were performed using the readxl and openxlsx packages. The primary model was a random-effects meta-analysis with REML estimation. In the R script, only complete rows (means, SD/SE, and n for both groups) were selected for the logRR analysis. If the original subgroup summary did not provide subgroup variances, we back-calculated subgroup standard errors from reported p-values to return 95% CIs for subgroups, as documented in the workbook README. All code, along with the Excel input file (per-study extraction and README), is provided for full reproducibility.
Keywords	Helianthus annuus; phytoremediation; meta-analysis; nanoparticles; EDTA; organic acids; rhizofiltration; heavy metals; PRISMA
Field	Biology
Published In	Volume 17, Issue 1, January-March 2026
Published On	2026-03-31

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