International Journal on Science and Technology

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Kwashiorkor with Hepatic Steatosis: A Case Report of Edematous Malnutrition in an Infant

Author(s) Mr. Kumara Swamy Gannavarapu, Ms. Akhilandeshwari Gubbala, Ms. Pranitha Kairamkonda, Ms. Ananya Reddy Peduthala
Country India
Abstract ABSTRACT
Kwashiorkor is a form of severe acute malnutrition that predominantly impacts infants and young children in settings characterized by nutritional imbalance. It is marked by swelling, low levels of albumin (Hypoalbuminemia) in the blood, and metabolic derangements. Unlike Marasmus, it is often associated with relatively stable caloric intake but inadequate protein consumption, leading to complex systemic symptoms. The illness remains clinically significant due to its association with immunological dysfunction, increased susceptibility to infections, and the involvement of multiple organ systems, including the liver.
This case study illustrates a conventional yet clinically relevant manifestation of edematous malnutrition in a one-year-old male infant exhibiting progressive bilateral edema and developmental regression. Imaging results showed that the liver was affected by fatty changes, and laboratory tests showed signs of nutritional deficiency, such as mild anemia and low serum protein levels. This kind of engagement across multiple systems shows how a long-term lack of protein affects metabolism and physiology. Micronutrient supplements and structured nutritional therapy were employed to manage the child, leading to gradual clinical improvement and resolution of edema. This case underscores the importance of promptly recognizing subtle clinical indicators, particularly in vulnerable juvenile populations where a delayed diagnosis could lead to significant complications. It also stresses how important it is to use supporting tests like imaging and biochemical measurements to confirm the diagnosis and find other diseases that are related, like hepatic steatosis.
This study affirms that kwashiorkor is a complex clinical condition requiring a comprehensive and interdisciplinary treatment approach, rather than merely a nutritional deficiency disorder. To improve outcomes and mitigate the impact of severe malnutrition in children, healthcare professionals must acquire greater knowledge regarding its diverse manifestations and timely intervention strategies.
Keywords Kwashiorkor ,Hepatic Steatosis ,Malnutrition ,Hypoalbuminemia ,Metabolic complications.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 17, Issue 2, April-June 2026
Published On 2026-04-07
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