Design and Implementation of a Supercapacitor-Battery-PV based Stand-Alone DC-Microgrid

Kishore Parapelly; J Shashikanthreddy; Thokala Karthik; Banavath shireesha; Mudavath Manjula

doi:10.71097/IJSAT.v17.i2.10932

Design and Implementation of a Supercapacitor-Battery-PV based Stand-Alone DC-Microgrid

Author(s)	Mr. Kishore Parapelly, Mr. J Shashikanthreddy, Mr. Thokala Karthik, Ms. Banavath shireesha, Ms. Mudavath Manjula
Country	India
Abstract	The primary objective of this work is to develop an efficient and reliable stand-alone DC microgrid that integrates photovoltaic (PV) generation with a hybrid energy storage system consisting of both batteries and supercapacitors, aiming to ensure uninterrupted power supply and optimal energy management in off-grid or remote locations. The novelty of this study is the incorporation of a hybrid storage approach, where supercapacitors are paired with batteries to overcome their individual limitations batteries provide long-term energy storage, while supercapacitors handle rapid load changes and transient spikes, thus enhancing system responsiveness, stability, and the overall lifespan of the storage system. The methodology involves designing the microgrid architecture with PV arrays connected through maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controllers, bidirectional DC-DC converters facilitating flexible energy exchange between the different storage components, and the implementation of an intelligent energy management algorithm to coordinate real-time power flow according to dynamic load and generation conditions. System performance is first validated through extensive simulations in MATLAB/Simulink under various solar irradiance and load profiles, followed by hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments that confirm the practical effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control strategies. The findings demonstrate that the coordinated operation of batteries and supercapacitors significantly improves the microgrid's dynamic response and voltage regulation, effectively smoothing out power fluctuations from the PV source and load variations. This not only minimizes voltage transients and supply interruptions but also reduces the cycling stress on batteries, thereby extending their operational life and enhancing overall system efficiency. The results suggest that such a hybrid storage configuration, governed by advanced control techniques, provides a promising solution for maximizing renewable energy utilization and improving the resilience and sustainability of future stand-alone DC microgrids.
Keywords	DC Microgrid, Hybrid Energy Storage, Supercapacitor-Battery Integration, Photovoltaic (PV) System, Energy Management
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 17, Issue 2, April-June 2026
Published On	2026-04-30
DOI	https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v17.i2.10932

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Design and Implementation of a Supercapacitor-Battery-PV based Stand-Alone DC-Microgrid

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