International Journal on Science and Technology

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Comparative Study of Mathematics in Ancient India, Greece, and Babylon

Author(s) Dr. Prahlad Singh
Country India
Abstract The evolution of mathematics is the history of the intellectual progress of mankind in numbers, geometry, astronomy, and logic. Some of the earliest civilizations that made remarkable contributions to mathematics included Ancient India, Greece, and Babylon. Each civilization had its own mathematical tradition that was shaped by various factors such as culture, religion, trade, and science. Babylonian mathematics was concerned with computations, astronomical calculations, and practical applications based on the sexagesimal numeral system. Greek mathematics concentrated on deductive reasoning, geometry, and proof, thus turning mathematics into a theoretical science. Mathematics in Ancient India featured the decimal place value system, zero, algebra, and trigonometry which were instrumental in shaping world mathematics. This paper provides an overview of the mathematics traditions of these civilizations in terms of numeral systems, methods, geometry, algebra, astronomy, and philosophy. Moreover, the paper examines the transmission of mathematical knowledge between civilizations as well as its lasting influence on modern mathematics. It will be shown that the modern tradition of mathematics resulted from cumulative contributions of several civilizations and not from any particular culture.
Keywords Ancient Mathematics, Babylonian Mathematics, Greek Mathematics, Indian Mathematics, History of Mathematics, Geometry, Algebra, Astronomy
Published In Volume 12, Issue 3, July-September 2021
Published On 2021-07-03
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