International Journal on Science and Technology

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Volume 17 Issue 3
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Sustained-Release Pellet Techniques: A Review

Author(s) Ms. Shivanjali D. Nikam, Dr. Ravi D. Hole
Country India
Abstract Sustained-release (SR) oral dosage forms are designed to prolong drug release, reduce dosing frequency, maintain therapeutic concentrations and improve patient adherence. Multiparticulate systems, particularly pellets, have attracted considerable interest because they distribute the drug over the gastrointestinal tract and can provide reproducible release when appropriately formulated. Pellets are small, free-flowing, approximately spherical units that may be manufactured by extrusion–spheronization, solution or suspension layering, powder layering, fluid-bed coating, rotary processing and other pelletization approaches. Their release can be modified using matrix formers, polymeric membrane coatings, lipid materials, osmotic components, ion-exchange systems and combinations of these mechanisms. This review summarizes the fundamentals of sustained release pellet systems, pellet properties, major manufacturing techniques, formulation variables, polymers and excipients, mechanisms of drug release, evaluation parameters, advantages and limitations, scale-up considerations, and recent developments. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between pellet structure, coating characteristics and in-vitro drug-release behavior. Proper control of particle size, porosity, drug distribution, coating weight gain, polymer permeability and process parameters is essential for obtaining robust and reproducible sustained-release products.
Keywords sustained release; pellets; multiparticulate drug delivery; extrusion–spheronization; fluid-bed coating; polymer coating; controlled release.
Published In Volume 17, Issue 3, July-September 2026
Published On 2026-08-08
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Crossref DOI prefix of IJSAT is 10.71097/IJSAT

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