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Exercise Based Rehabilitation for Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Implications for Balance, Gait and Fall Prevention - A Structured Narrative Review

Author(s) Dr. Amaresh Mohan, Dr. Sama Raju, Dr. Siva Bali Reddy Katasani, Dr. S Purna Chandra Shekhar
Country India
Abstract Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a frequent, dose-limiting complication of taxanes, platinum compounds, vinca alkaloids and other neurotoxic agents. Sensory loss, pain, weakness and impaired proprioception can disturb balance, gait and participation while increasing fall risk. Pharmacological options have limited preventive efficacy, creating a clinically important role for rehabilitation. Objective: To synthesize literature published from 2012 through 2020 on exercise-based rehabilitation for adults with CIPN, with emphasis on balance, gait and fall prevention. Methods: A structured narrative review framework was used. Peer-reviewed English-language studies and guidance published between January 2012 and December 2020 were considered when they addressed CIPN assessment, functional consequences, exercise, sensorimotor training, balance, strength, gait or falls. Evidence was interpreted clinically rather than pooled statistically. Results: The literature supports the feasibility of individualized aerobic, resistance, balance and sensorimotor exercise during and after chemotherapy. Multimodal programmes show promising improvements in patient-reported symptoms, postural control, lower-limb strength and functional performance, although trials are heterogeneous and frequently small. Exercise should complement oncology management, not replace dose modification or evidence-based treatment of neuropathic pain. Screening for sensory loss, weakness, orthostatic symptoms and environmental hazards is essential. Conclusion: Physiotherapists can translate emerging evidence into a staged programme that combines safety education, progressive strengthening, balance challenge, gait practice and regular reassessment. Larger trials with standardized CIPN outcomes and fall endpoints are required.
Keywords chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy; exercise; physiotherapy; balance; gait; falls; oncology rehabilitation
Published In Volume 12, Issue 1, January-March 2021
Published On 2021-02-05
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v12.i1.11525
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