Reading Comprehension Difficulties and Reading Level of Learners in the Division  of Cagayan De Oro City

Ernalyn M. Lampines; Welson B. Caliat

Reading Comprehension Difficulties and Reading Level of Learners in the Division of Cagayan De Oro City

Author(s)	Ms. Ernalyn M. Lampines, Dr. Welson B. Caliat
Country	Philippines
Abstract	Reading comprehension is a crucial ability for success in school and everyday activities, yet many learners, particularly young children, find it difficult to understand written texts and materials. Hence, this study was conducted to examine the reading comprehension difficulties and reading levels of learners. Specifically, it aimed to measure learners' reading difficulties in vocabulary, spelling, finding the main idea, concentration, and reading motivation, examined the relationship between reading difficulties and reading level. The study involves 250 Grade 7 students from five public secondary schools in West 2 District Cagayan de Oro City during School Year 2024-2025. Employing stratified sampling techniques and descriptive-correlational research design. The primary research instruments were a validated questionnaire assessing reading difficulties and selected passages from the PHIL-IRI assessment tool. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation, as well as Pearson correlation, to test the significance of relationships. Results revealed that student’s concentration on reading had the highest difficulty while identifying the main idea had the lowest mean score. Students frequently struggle with maintaining focus during reading and significantly affects their reading comprehension. The majority of learners fall under the independent level in all passages indicating that most students can read and understand texts with minimal assistance. A significant correlation was found between the learners' reading comprehension difficulties and their reading level particularly in concentration. It was concluded that targeted interventions dealing on concentration and reading comprehension strategies are essential, hence, reading comprehension is influenced not only by attention and learning condition. The study recommends that teachers are encouraged to implement interventions and practices that will nurture concentration while reading at the same time addressing the reading needs of students under frustration reading level.
Keywords	reading comprehension difficulties, vocabulary, spelling, finding the main idea, concentration, motivation, reading level
Field	Sociology > Education
Published In	Volume 17, Issue 4, October-December 2026
Published On	2026-10-21

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Reading Comprehension Difficulties and Reading Level of Learners in the Division of Cagayan De Oro City

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