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Diagnostic Correlation of Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels with Imaging Findings in the Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma at a Tertiary Hospital

Author(s) Mohanad F. Allehyani, Abdullah T. Alrasheed, Yasser B. Alsowailem, Nariman K. Abu Alsaud, Khulood Mubarak, Yousef S. Alanazi, Hessah S. Alobaidy
Country Saudi Arabia
Abstract Background:

The clinica outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be greatly improved with early detection. Imaging is the primary method of diagnosis; however, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a biomarker of choice as a supplement. This study aims to explore the diagnostic relationship of serum AFP levels against the imaging findings hearted toward early stage HCC.

Methodology:

A retrospective cross sectional study was carried out in a tertiary center with 146 patients screened for HCC from January 2022 to December 2023. Serum AFP levels were collected alongside imaging results (ultrasound, CT, or MRI). Based on the findings from the imaging done, patients were categorized into no lesion, indeterminate lesion and definitive HCC. Assessment was done for the statistical correlation between serum AFP levels and imaging confirmed HCC.

Findings:

Definitive HCC patients (n=84) had mean serum AFP of 187.4 ng/mL while those with indeterminate and no lesion were 22.1ng/mL and 8.3ng/mL respectively. 88.1% of HCC cases were observed with AFP >20ng/mL. AFP elevation was also positively correlated with tumor size.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that serum AFP levels correlate with HCC diagnosis and tumor burden. Using AFP in combination with imaging increases the precision of diagnosing the HCC thus retaining the value of AFP in multimodal screening and diagnosis of HCC in high-risk patients.
Keywords Alpa-fetoprotein, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Liver cancer, Diagnostic imaging, Early detection, Primatissimus, Biomarkers, Catheristicus medicus laboratory overlap, Tertiary care
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 15, Issue 1, January-March 2024
Published On 2024-01-13
Cite This Diagnostic Correlation of Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels with Imaging Findings in the Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma at a Tertiary Hospital - Mohanad F. Allehyani, Abdullah T. Alrasheed, Yasser B. Alsowailem, Nariman K. Abu Alsaud, Khulood Mubarak, Yousef S. Alanazi, Hessah S. Alobaidy - IJSAT Volume 15, Issue 1, January-March 2024. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.15259033
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15259033
Short DOI https://doi.org/g9f8s7
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