Synthesis Methods of Nanomaterials: A Review with Detailed Experimental Examples

Author(s)	Chitralekha Kotian, -, -, -, -
Country	India
Abstract	Nanomaterials have found applications across diverse fields including electronics, energy storage and conversion, environmental remediation, catalysis, and biomedicine. This review examines the major synthesis techniques used to produce nanomaterials, focusing on mechanical milling as a prominent top-down method, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD), sol-gel processing, and hydrothermal synthesis as widely employed bottom-up approaches. Each method's underlying principles, experimental parameters, advantages, limitations, and representative examples of synthesized nanomaterial materials are discussed in detail. Understanding the trade-offs inherent in each synthesis technique allows scientists and engineers to strategically tailor these materials for specific technological challenges and innovations.
Keywords	nanomaterials, synthesis, top-down, bottom-up, properties, applications
Field	Chemistry
Published In	Volume 16, Issue 2, April-June 2025
Published On	2025-05-30
DOI	https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i2.5660
Short DOI	https://doi.org/g9mvvk

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International Journal on Science and Technology