International Journal on Science and Technology

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Exploring the Anti-Cancer Mechanisms of Oxalis corniculata Through Integrated Network Pharmacology, Protein-Protein Interaction Network, and MCODE Cluster Analysis

Author(s) Adiveppa Nashipudi, Mosin Karimkhan, Anbuselvam A, Yuvaraj Patil
Country India
Abstract Oxalis corniculata Linn, commonly known as creeping wood sorrel, is a medicinal herb traditionally used for various ailments including inflammation, wounds, and gastrointestinal disorders. Recent studies have hinted at its potential anticancer activity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored. This study employs an integrated network pharmacology approach, protein-protein interaction [PPI] network construction, and MCODE cluster analysis to elucidate the possible anticancer mechanisms of O. corniculata. Twenty bioactive phytoconstituents including flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and sterols were identified through literature mining and database retrieval. Digep pred database and GeneCards analysis revealed 85 overlapping targets between phytochemical-associated proteins and cancer-related genes. PPI network construction followed by MCODE clustering uncovered critical hub proteins such as KRAS, CDK4, EP300, MDM2, and NOTCH1 involved in cell cycle regulation, transcription, apoptosis, and oncogenic signaling pathways. Gene Ontology and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed modulation of biological processes including apoptosis, DNA damage response, signal transduction, and proliferation. Significantly enriched pathways included Pathways in cancer, MicroRNAs in cancer, and ErbB signaling pathway. A comprehensive compound–target–pathway [C–T–P] network identified Apigenin, KRAS, and the Pathways in cancer node as major hubs, while Cytohubba analysis highlighted p-hydroxybenzoic acid, Acacetin, Vanillic acid, and key signaling proteins as central regulators. These findings provide a systems level insight into the multi-targeted anti-cancer potential of O. corniculata, suggesting its promise as a phytopharmaceutical candidate for integrative oncology.
Keywords Oxalis corniculata, Anti-cancer, Network pharmacology, Protein-Protein interaction, MCODE, Systems biology
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 16, Issue 3, July-September 2025
Published On 2025-07-15
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i3.7040
Short DOI https://doi.org/g9s9vj
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