International Journal on Science and Technology

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Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Academic Libraries in African Universities: A Scoping Review

Author(s) Mr. Matuka Chipembele, Dr. Euphrasia Ngandwe, Ms. Mercy Wamunyima Monde, Ms. Emma Munsha Ndalame
Country Zambia
Abstract Purpose
The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in academic libraries is transforming information management globally. However, its implementation across African universities remains poorly understood. This scoping review explores empirical literature on AI adoption within academic libraries in Africa, with the aim of identifying publication trends, current practices, and the systemic and behavioral barriers that influence adoption.
Design/methodology/approach
Guided by the PRISMA-ScR framework, literature was systematically sourced from databases including Scopus, ERIC, Google Scholar, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, and African Journals Online (AJOL). A total of 62 empirical studies published between 2005 and 2024 were reviewed, with 73% appearing between 2022 and 2024 highlighting a recent surge in interest.
Findings
Findings reveal that while awareness of AI’s potential is growing, actual implementation remains limited. Most institutions are still in exploratory phases, with few practical applications such as chatbots, machine learning-based recommendation systems, and automated cataloging services in place mainly in South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya. Financial constraints, inadequate infrastructure, digital literacy gaps, cultural resistance, and the absence of clear policies and ethical frameworks were identified as critical barriers. Conversely, emerging opportunities include strategic planning, AI literacy initiatives, open-source technologies, and international partnerships.
Originality/value
This review provides a foundational understanding of the AI adoption landscape in African academic libraries. It underscores the need for context-sensitive strategies that address structural challenges while leveraging localized innovation. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, library professionals, and researchers seeking to guide sustainable and inclusive AI integration across the continent’s higher education libraries.
Keywords Artificial Intelligence, AI Adoption, Academic Libraries, Digital transformation, Library , scoping review.
Field Computer Applications
Published In Volume 16, Issue 3, July-September 2025
Published On 2025-09-06
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i3.8003
Short DOI https://doi.org/g93b6s
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