International Journal on Science and Technology

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Upcycling Food Waste: Legal Framework for Circular Economies and Right to Food in India

Author(s) Dr. chetna sharma, Dr. neeti pandey
Country India
Abstract Abstract
India’s dual crisis of rampant food waste and widespread hunger presents a moral and policy paradox, undermining the constitutional right to food and contributing to environmental degradation. With over 100 million tonnes of food wasted annually, including 68 million tonnes at the household level, the issue implicates food security, climate goals, and socio-economic equity. This article conducts a doctrinal legal analysis of India’s fragmented legal and policy framework governing food waste and upcycling, encompassing constitutional principles, statutory instruments like the National Food Security Act (2013) and Food Safety and Standards Act (2006), and environmental regulations such as the Solid Waste Management Rules (2016). It integrates comparative insights from jurisdictions like the EU, Japan, and the USA, highlighting global best practices in food waste reduction. Findings reveal that despite emergent regulatory efforts—such as FSSAI’s 2019 Surplus Food Regulations and municipal composting mandates—India lacks a unified, enforceable legal framework for systematic food waste upcycling. Case studies like Tamil Nadu’s “No Food Waste” initiative exemplify successful public-civic partnerships. The article argues for a comprehensive national law mandating food waste measurement, redistribution obligations, and incentives for donation and recycling. By embedding food waste upcycling within rights-based, environmental, and social justice frameworks, India can transform its food system into a sustainable, circular model that ensures food reaches people—not landfills.
Keywords Food Waste, Right to Food, Circular Economy, Food Upcycling, Indian Legal Framework, Surplus Food Donation, Environmental Law, Sustainable Development
Field Sociology > Administration / Law / Management
Published In Volume 16, Issue 4, October-December 2025
Published On 2025-10-07
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