International Journal on Science and Technology

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Telemedicine's Role in Improving Maternal and Child Health Outcomes in Underserved Indian Populations A Systematic Review.

Author(s) Mr. Huzaifa Arshad, Dr. Soma Roy Chowdhury
Country India
Abstract Introduction: Telemedicine has a pivotal role to play in a country like India where the health care system is enormously varied from urban to rural; it greatly helps reduce this variation. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the evidence on the impact of telemedicine interventions for improved maternal and child health (MCH) outcomes among marginalized population in India.
Methods: A systematic search of databases for studies published from 2000-2025 was conducted according to PRISMA criteria. Of the 1,850 initial records available, 25 (randomized controlled and quasi-experimentally) studies were included in the final synthesis. We extracted data on the intervention category, study design, and MCH outcomes (e.g., antenatal care visits, immunization coverage, mortality).
Results: Results consistently show that telemedicine is associated with positive process-related outcomes. mHealth reminders and teleconsultations were both effective in improving uptake of antenatal care visits, as well as childhood immunization. Although the impact on hard endpoints such as maternal and perinatal mortality remains indirect and difficult to disentangle, successful examples demonstrate that well-integrated telemedicine models can positively influence survival. The review also reflects a marked evolution of technology and heterogeneity of study designs.
Conclusion: Telemedicine is an efficient technology to improve MCH services in India, predominantly the health-seeking behavior and accessibility of care. Its realization, however, requires careful embedding within a comprehensive healthcare system. Further studies should be focused on long-term large scale to provide more definitive evidence.
Keywords Telemedicine, Maternal and Child Health (MCH), Systematic Review
Field Sociology > Health
Published In Volume 16, Issue 4, October-December 2025
Published On 2025-10-08
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