International Journal on Science and Technology

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From Donation to Distribution: The Regulatory Anatomy of India’s Blood Bank EcoSystem

Author(s) Dr. Gloria Venissa Quadros, Mr. Deepak Paliwal
Country India
Abstract Blood transfusion services in India have evolved from the first wartime blood bank in 1942 to a complex, digitally enabled network of over 4,200 licensed centres, yet continue to grapple with a national shortfall of 3–4 million units annually. Through a comprehensive review of historical records, regulatory texts, policy documents, and peer-reviewed literature, this study maps key milestones—from the enactment of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act (1940) to the launch of the E-RaktKosh portal (2016) and the 2022 National Standards for Blood Centres. Advanced screening techniques such as nucleic acid testing and hemovigilance programs have markedly improved safety, while component separation units and automation have enhanced clinical utility and traceability. However, fragmented oversight across multiple agencies (CDSCO, NBTC, NACO, SBTCs), regional infrastructure deficits, and persistent ethical barriers—especially gender exclusion and identity-based donor deferrals—undermine equity and supply resilience. The study concludes that achieving universal, safe, and timely blood access demands a unified National Blood Law, mandatory adoption of advanced screening (NAT/PRT), expansion of voluntary non-remunerated donation, and investment in cold-chain logistics and digital infrastructure.
Keywords : Blood Bank, National Blood Policy, E-RaktKosh, Hemovigilance
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 16, Issue 4, October-December 2025
Published On 2025-10-11
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