Dual-Sided Energy Conversion: Fundamental Insights into Bifacial Photovoltaic Panels

Author(s)	Prof. Jayant P Morey, Dr. Nitin A Wankhade, Prof. Saurabh M Paropate
Country	India
Abstract	Bifacial photovoltaic (PV) solar panels represent an innovative advancement in renewable energy technology, enabling the absorption of sunlight from both front and rear surfaces. This dual-sided energy conversion increases energy yield, improves land utilization, and enhances the overall efficiency of solar installations. This paper presents the fundamental working principles of bifacial solar panels, highlighting the influence of albedo, tilt angle, module elevation, and mounting geometry on their performance. It also discusses rear irradiance behavior, energy modeling, and system optimization under real-world conditions without the use of reflectors. Simulation and field studies indicate that bifacial panels can generate 10–20% more energy than conventional monofacial systems under moderate albedo conditions, offering a practical path toward sustainable solar energy expansion.
Keywords	Bifacial PV, Albedo, Rear irradiance, Energy yield, Tilt optimization, Solar performance
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 16, Issue 4, October-December 2025
Published On	2025-12-01

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