Study of Wake Formation and Flow Instability Around Cylindrical Structures

Prahlad Singh

doi:10.71097/IJSAT.v4.i4.11016

Study of Wake Formation and Flow Instability Around Cylindrical Structures

Author(s)	Dr. Prahlad Singh
Country	India
Abstract	Flow past cylindrical bodies represents one of the classical problems in fluid dynamics and is still widely studied from both the theoretical and practical viewpoints. In spite of the geometrical simplicity of the body (a circular cylinder, for example), the flow generated by such a body shows an abundance of different flow regimes, including, but not limited to: boundary-layer separation; wake; recirculating zones; periodic vortex shedding; hydrodynamic instability; and fluid-structure interaction. These flow characteristics exert strong influence upon drag/lift variations, acoustic generation, heat transfer and vibrations in practical devices, such as bridge cables, marine risers, chimneys, heat-exchanger tubing, and sensors' support structures, to mention but a few. The current study provides the research-based review of wake generation and flow instabilities about cylindrical bodies, specifically, about circular cylinders. The physical processes leading to wake generation are addressed in relation to pressure forces, viscous forces and flow separation. A brief introduction to mathematical models will include the equations of incompressible fluid motion, dimensionless parameters (such as Reynolds and Strouhal numbers), force coefficients and perturbation formulation in stability theory. The flow development starting from creeping flow up to unsteady periodic flow and 3D flow transition due to increasing Reynolds number is reviewed. From the analysis it can be seen that the instability of the wake is due to the extraction of energy by perturbations in the separation region of the shear layers until they form into stable oscillations. Engineering applications such as the phenomenon of varying lift and vortex-induced vibrations are also considered. This paper proves that for comprehending the dynamics of cylinder wakes, a comprehensive approach involving fluid dynamics, stability theory, and forces is required.
Keywords	wake formation, cylindrical structures, vortex shedding, hydrodynamic instability, circular cylinder, Reynolds number, Strouhal number, vortex-induced vibration.
Published In	Volume 4, Issue 4, October-December 2013
Published On	2013-12-04
DOI	https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v4.i4.11016

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Study of Wake Formation and Flow Instability Around Cylindrical Structures

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