International Journal on Science and Technology

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Call for Paper Volume 17 Issue 4 October-December 2026 Submit your research before last 3 days of December to publish your research paper in the issue of October-December.
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Volume 17 Issue 4
October-December 2026

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Social Media, Misinformation, and Democracy: Challenges for the 21st Century

Author(s) Dr. Kyasaram Kishtaiah
Country India
Abstract Social media platforms have become central infrastructure for democratic communication, yet the architectures that widen participation also accelerate the circulation of false and misleading content. This paper examines how misinformation on social media shapes democratic processes and which institutional responses are defensible. Using an integrative review of peer-reviewed studies from 2012 to 2024 and institutional reports, it synthesises evidence on the scale, drivers, and consequences of information disorder. The analysis finds that misinformation is unevenly distributed: a small group of highly active users accounts for a disproportionate share of exposure and sharing, while the gravest harms arise where falsehood interacts with polarisation, weak institutional trust, and closed messaging networks. Evidence for large, direct effects of algorithmic feeds on political attitudes is thinner than public debate assumes, although consequences for trust, harassment, and offline violence are documented. Generative artificial intelligence raises the stakes of the 2024 global election cycle. The paper compares regulatory models in the European Union, Germany, Singapore, India, and the United States, and argues for a layered response combining platform accountability, researcher data access, evidence-based media literacy, and rights-protective law. Democratic resilience depends less on eliminating falsehood than on strengthening the institutions that make truth contestable and verifiable.
Keywords social media; misinformation; disinformation; democracy; algorithmic amplification; platform governance; generative AI; India
Published In Volume 15, Issue 4, October-December 2024
Published On 2024-10-05
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v15.i4.11583
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Crossref DOI prefix of IJSAT is 10.71097/IJSAT

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