Optimization of the Stabilization Method for In-Situ Remediation of Lead (Pb) Contaminated Soil in Kabwe / Zambia

Author(s)	Mr. Evans Sichilima
Country	Zambia
Abstract	Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal that has contaminated over one-third of Kabwe town in Zambia, primarily due to historical mining activities and other anthropogenic sources. Previous studies have reported elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) in more than 95% of children residing in affected areas, with concentrations exceeding 10 µg/dL. While chelation therapy and nutritional interventions may offer some benefit to exposed populations, long-term mitigation requires environmental remediation strategies to reduce ongoing Pb exposure and ensure sustained reductions in BLLs. This study employed batch leaching experiments to assess the effectiveness of various soil amendments—slag, lime, char, and ash—for Pb immobilization in contaminated soils. Additionally, the study aimed to determine the optimal mixing ratios of these additives to enhance remediation efficacy. Among the tested materials, lime (1%) and slag (5%) demonstrated superior performance in reducing Pb mobility compared to char and ash. The most effective immobilization was achieved using a combination of slag and lime at concentrations of 2–3%, indicating the potential for synergistic effects in Pb stabilization.
Keywords	Lead, Kabwe, in-situ remediation, stabilization, batch/column leaching
Field	Chemistry
Published In	Volume 16, Issue 4, October-December 2025
Published On	2025-10-08

About IJSAT Fees & Payment Current Issue Publication Archive	Submit Research Paper Track Submission Status Publication Guidelines Publication Ethics Peer Review & Plagiarism	Join as a Reviewer Editors & Reviewers Reviewer Referral Program Get Reviewer Membership Certi.	Website/Journal Policies Usage Policy Content Policies Privacy Policy

Contact Us	Message on WhatsApp	+91-9687-182-185	editor@ijsat.org

International Journal on Science and Technology