Durability Study on Geopolymer Concrete Made with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Black Rice Husk Ash

KALADI DURGA PRASAD; G TEJA

Durability Study on Geopolymer Concrete Made with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Black Rice Husk Ash

Author(s)	Mr. KALADI DURGA PRASAD, Mr. G TEJA
Country	India
Abstract	Concrete remains the most widely utilized construction material globally. However, the primary binding agent in concrete—Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)—has been associated with numerous environmental drawbacks. Concurrently, vast amounts of industrial and agricultural by-products with inherent cementitious characteristics are routinely generated and often discarded in landfills. Utilizing these waste materials as cement alternatives offers substantial environmental, economic, and sustainability advantages, including effective waste management. A notable alternative that eliminates the use of OPC entirely is Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) The concept of "geopolymers" was introduced by Davidovits in 1978 to define a class of mineral-based binders created through a polymerization process involving an alkaline activator and a silica- and alumina-rich source material. These source materials can be naturally occurring, such as metakaolin, or industrial/agro-industrial by-products like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), silica fume, and rice husk ash. The alkaline solution typically comprises sodium or potassium hydroxide and their corresponding silicates. GPC has demonstrated enhanced mechanical strength and improved durability over traditional concrete Among agro-industrial residues, Black Rice Husk Ash (BRHA) is produced by incinerating rice husks and contains a high silica content (approximately 90%) but also retains significant unburnt carbon, which limits its conventional use in construction. Despite this, some studies suggest that incorporating BRHA into concrete can improve its durability. However, to date, no research has thoroughly explored BRHA's application within geopolymer concrete systems. This study aimed to develop GPC mixtures utilizing both GGBS (an industrial waste) and BRHA (an agro-industrial by-product) as primary materials. GGBS was used as the main binder for the reference mix, while BRHA was introduced as a partial replacement for GGBS in proportions of 10%, 20%, and 30% to assess its impact. A series of experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical and durability characteristics of the resulting GPC.
Keywords	GEOPOLYMER ,BLAST FURNACE.
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 16, Issue 4, October-December 2025
Published On	2025-10-12

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Durability Study on Geopolymer Concrete Made with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Black Rice Husk Ash

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